Mac Build Scripts: Python
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These scripts are 5 years out of date and no longer reflect the methods or hardware we work on.
Now let's try that Linux Disk Replication script in Python. Not fully tested. The current version (6mar07) has potentially destructive os module calls commented out for testing purposes.
Disk Replication
replicate.py
#!/usr/bin/python
from platform import *
from globals import *
from scripts import *
import sys, getopt, string, datetime
def usage():
errExit(2,"usage: replicate -t macType targetdev")
def getArgs():
macType = target = None
try:
opts, args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], "ht:", ["help"])
except getopt.GetoptError:
# print help information and exit:
usage()
if not opts:
usage()
for o, a in opts:
if o == "-t":
macType = a
if o in ("-h", "--help"):
usage()
if args:
target = args[0]
else:
target = os.environ.get('REPL_TARGET_DRIVE')
if target is None:
print "error: no target drive specified"
usage()
return macType, target
def verifyTarget(host):
""" target device must exist and have no partition map. Existence
is tested by probing with hdparm; partition map is probed with
fdisk.
"""
devPath = host.get_hdPath()
cmd = 'hdparm -i ' + devPath
try:
os.popen(cmd)
except:
errExit(3,'error: device ' + devPath + ' does not seem to exist')
cmd = ('fdisk -l ' + devPath + '| grep ' + devPath + ' | wc -l')
try:
nPartitions = map(string.strip, os.popen(cmd).readlines())
if nPartitions[0] is 0:
errExit(4,'error: there appear to be existing partitions on ' + devPath)
except:
errExit(5,'error: could not read partition map from ' + devPath)
def createPartitions(host):
""" create an fdisk script for creating partitions on the local
target drive; create an ext3 filesystem on the linux partition,
and initinitialize the swap partition. Initialializing the swap
partition has the benefit of creating a UUID for it.
"""
# generate fdisk script and apply it
devPath = host.get_hdPath()
try:
genFdiskScript(devPath)
except:
errExit(6,"error: failed to generate fdisk script")
cmd = 'fdisk ' + devPath + ' < ' + fdiskScript
print 'os.system(' + cmd + ')'
try:
os.system(cmd)
except:
errExit(7,"error: failed to create partitions")
# verify partition existence, and create linux filesystem and swap space
cmd = 'fdisk -l ' + devPath + ' | grep ' + host.get_linuxPart() \
+ ' | wc -l'
try:
n_partitions = map(string.strip, os.popen(cmd).readlines())
if (not n_partitions or n_partitions[0] is not '1'):
err = 'error: no linux partition ' + host.get_linuxPart() \
+ ' for fs creation'
errExit(8, err)
except:
errExit(9,"error: could not read partition map for verification")
print 'os.system(mkfs.ext3 ' + host.get_linuxPart() + ')'
print 'os.system(mkswap ' + host.get_swapPart() + ')'
try:
os.system('mkfs.ext3 ' + host.get_linuxPart())
except:
errExit(10,"error: could not create ext3 filesystem")
try:
os.system('mkswap ' + host.get_swapPart())
except:
errExit(11,"error: could not create swapspace")
def setupForCopy(host):
""" verify/create all the necessary mount points
"""
## linux target
mntPath = '/mnt/' + host.get_hd() + linuxpart
if os.path.exists(mntPath) and os.path.isdir(mntPath):
pass
# all well and good
elif os.path.exists(mntPath) and not os.path.isdir(mntPath):
errExit(12,'error: mount point '
+ mntPath + 'is not a directory')
else:
# it does not exist, so create it
print 'os.mkdir(' + mntPath + ',0644)'
try:
os.mkdir(mntPath,0644)
except:
errExit(12,'error: cannot create mount point ' + mntPath)
# mount target linux partition
cmd = 'mount -t ext3 -o rw ' + host.get_linuxPart() + ' ' + mntPath
print 'os.system(' + cmd + ')'
try:
os.system(cmd)
except:
errExit(13,'error: mount target linux partition failed: ' \
+ host.get_linuxPart() + ' to ' + mntPath)
## boot target
mntPath = '/mnt/' + host.get_hd() + swappart
if os.path.exists(mntPath):
if not os.path.isdir(mntPath):
errExit(14,'error: mount point ' + mntPath + 'is a regular file;'
+ 'it must be a directory')
# else it exists and it is a directory
else:
# it does not exist, so create it
print 'os.mkdir(' + mntPath + ',0644)'
try:
os.mkdir(mntPath,0644)
except:
errExit(15,"error: could not create directory " + mntPath1)
def copyPartitions(host,pfm):
""" copy boot partition with dd, and copy linux install image with
rsync; verify boot partition by mounting it as an hfs filesystem
"""
# copy the boot partition
mntPath = '/mnt/' + host.get_hd() + bootpart
bootimgPath = srcHome + '/' + pfm.get_imageType() + '/' + bootpartImg
cmd = 'dd if=' + bootimgPath + ' of=' + host.get_bootPart()
print 'os.system(' + cmd + ')'
try:
os.system(cmd)
except:
errExit(16,'error: dd failed to copy boot image')
# mount/verify target boot partition
cmd = 'mount -t hfs ' + host.get_bootPart() + ' ' + mntPath
print 'os.system(' + cmd + ')'
try:
os.system(cmd)
except:
errExit(17,'error: mount target boot partition failed: ' \
+ host.get_bootPart() + ' to ' + mntPath)
os.system('umount ' + mntPath)
# copy the linux partition
mntPath = '/mnt/' + host.get_hd() + linuxpart
linuximgPath = srcHome + '/' + pfm.get_imageType() + '/' + linuxImg
cmd = 'rsync -av ' + linuximgPath + '/ ' + mntPath + '/'
print 'os.system(' + cmd + ')'
try:
os.system(cmd)
except:
errExit(18,'error: mount target linux partition failed: ' \
+ host.get_linuxPart() + ' to ' + mntPath)
os.system('umount ' + mntPath)
def tweakAndTune(host,pfm):
r1=re.compile(r'UUID=([0-9a-fA-F\-]+)')
cmd = 'vol_id ' + host.get_linuxPart() + ' | grep -i uuid'
print 'os.popen(' + cmd + ')'
try:
for line in os.popen(cmd).readlines():
m = r1.search(line)
if (m):
linuxuuid = m.group(1)
break
except:
errExit(19,'error: failed to get linux partition uuid')
cmd = 'vol_id ' + host.get_swapPart() + ' | grep -i uuid'
print 'os.popen(' + cmd + ')'
try:
for line in os.popen(cmd).readlines():
print line
m = r1.search(line)
if (m):
swapuuid = m.group(1)
break
except:
errExit(20,'error: failed to get swap partition uuid')
try:
genYbConf(pfm)
except:
errExit(21,"error: failed to generate yaboot configuration")
try:
genFstab(pfm,linuxuuid,swapuuid)
except:
errExit(22,"error: failed to generate fstab")
mntPath = '/mnt/' + host.get_hd() + linuxpart
cmd = 'mount -t ext3 -o rw ' + host.get_linuxPart() + ' ' + mntPath
print 'os.system(' + cmd + ')'
try:
os.system(cmd)
except:
errExit(23,"error: failed to mount linux partition for config files")
cmd = 'cp ' + ybconfFile + ' ' + mntPath + '/etc/yaboot.conf'
print 'os.system(' + cmd + ')'
try:
os.system(cmd)
except:
errExit(24,"error: failed to copy yaboot.conf")
cmd = 'cp ' + fstabFile + ' ' + mntPath + '/etc/fstab'
print 'os.system(' + cmd + ')'
try:
os.system(cmd)
except:
errExit(25,"error: failed to copy fstab")
# make the new boot partition using info on mounted linux partition;
# suppress confirmation queries (-f option to mkofboot)
cmd = 'mkofboot -f -b ' + host.get_bootPart() \
+ ' -o ' + pfm.get_bootdev() + ' -C ' + mntPath \
+ '/etc/yaboot.conf ' + '--nonvram'
print 'os.system(' + cmd + ')'
try:
os.system(cmd)
except:
errExit(26,'error:failed to update boot partition')
# all done now
try:
os.system('umount ' + mntPath)
except:
errExit(28,'error:failed to umount' + mntpath)
# force time-last-checked on linux partition so that boot
# won't think it's way old
datespec = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d")
cmd = 'tune2fs -T ' + datespec + ' ' + host.get_linuxPart()
print 'os.system(' + cmd + ')'
try:
os.system(cmd)
except:
errExit(27,'error:failed to set time-last-checked on ' + host.get_linuxPart())
def main():
# first, ensure root user
if os.getuid() is not 0:
errExit(1 ,"You must be root to run this script; try using sudo")
macType, target = getArgs()
h = aPlatform("host")
p = aPlatform(macType)
h.set_hd(target)
verifyTarget(h)
createPartitions(h)
setupForCopy(h)
copyPartitions(h,p)
tweakAndTune(h,p)
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
globals.py
import sys
srcHome = "/root"
bootpartImg = "bootpart.img"
linuxImg = "rootdir"
fdiskScript = "/tmp/fdisk.script"
ybconfFile = "/tmp/yaboot.conf"
fstabFile = "/tmp/fstab"
bootpart = "2"
linuxpart = "3"
swappart = "4"
macType = "imac"
def errExit(errno, msg):
print msg
sys.exit(errno)
platform.py
from globals import *
import os, sys
class Platform:
def __init__(self):
self.name = "prototype"
self.hd_device = None
self.cd_device = None
self.of_bootdev = "hd:"
self.image_type = None
def get_name(self):
return self.name
def set_name(self,name):
self.name = name
def get_hd(self):
return self.hd_device
def set_hd(self,device):
self.hd_device = os.path.basename(device)
def get_cd(self):
return self.cd_device
def set_cd(self,device):
self.cd_device = os.path.basename(device)
def get_bootdev(self):
return self.of_bootdev
def set_bootdev(self,ofpath):
self.of_bootdev = ofpath
def get_hdPath(self):
return '/dev/' + self.hd_device
def get_cdPath(self):
return '/dev/' + self.cd_device
def get_linuxPart(self):
return '/dev/' + self.hd_device + linuxpart
def get_bootPart(self):
return '/dev/' + self.hd_device + bootpart
def get_swapPart(self):
return '/dev/' + self.hd_device + swappart
def get_imageType(self):
return self.image_type
class imac(Platform):
def __init__(self):
Platform.__init__(self)
self.name = "imac"
self.hd_device = "hda"
self.cd_device = "hdb"
self.image_type = "imac"
class dvse(Platform):
def __init__(self):
Platform.__init__(self)
self.name = "dvse"
self.hd_device = "hda"
self.cd_device = "hdb"
self.image_type = "dvse"
class g3(Platform):
def __init__(self):
Platform.__init__(self)
self.name = "g3"
self.hd_device = "hdc"
self.cd_device = "hda"
self.image_type = "g3"
class g4(Platform):
def __init__(self):
Platform.__init__(self)
self.name = "g4"
self.hd_device = "hda"
self.cd_device = "hdc"
self.image_type = "g4"
class host(Platform):
def __init__(self):
Platform.__init__(self)
self.name = "host"
self.hd_device = None
self.cd_device = None
self.of_bootdev = None
class test(Platform):
def __init__(self):
Platform.__init__(self)
self.name = "test"
self.hd_device = "hda"
self.cd_device = "hdb"
self.image_type = "test"
def aPlatform(name):
if name == "imac":
return imac()
elif name == "dvse":
return dvse()
elif name == "g3":
return g3()
elif name == "g4":
return g4()
elif name == "host":
return host()
elif name == "test":
return test()
else:
errExit(17,'error: unknown platform type ' + name)
def dump_platform(p):
print 'name : %s '% p.get_name()
print 'hd : %s '% p.get_hd()
print 'cd : %s '% p.get_cd()
print 'of_bootdev: %s '% p.get_bootdev()
print
if __name__ == "__main__":
p = aPlatform("test")
dump_platform(p)
scripts.py
from globals import *
import os, re
def genFdiskScript(device):
"""create an fdisk script, overwriting any exiting file"""
global fdiskScript
# length of target drive
## get the hd geometry using hdparm
cmd = 'hdparm -g ' + device
r1=re.compile(r'sectors = ([0-9]+)')
try:
for line in os.popen(cmd).readlines():
m = r1.search(line)
if (m):
hdlen = int(m.group(1))
hdlen = hdlen - 1
break
except:
errExit(27,'error: failed to get sector count from ' + device)
# known values
mapstart = 1
maplen = 63
bootlen = 1954
swaplen = 1494848
# calculated values
bootstart = mapstart + maplen
linuxstart = bootstart + bootlen
linuxlen = hdlen - (maplen + bootlen + swaplen)
swapstart = linuxstart + linuxlen
cmd_list = ['i\n',
'\n',
'p\n',
'C\n',
str(bootstart),'\n',
str(bootlen),'\n',
'untitled\n',
'Apple_Bootstrap\n'
'p\n',
'c\n',
str(linuxstart),'\n',
str(linuxlen),'\n',
'untitled\n',
'p\n',
'c\n',
str(swapstart),'\n',
str(swaplen),'\n',
'untitled\n',
'p\n',
'w\n',
'y\n',
'q\n'
]
script = open(fdiskScript, 'w')
script.writelines(cmd_list)
script.close()
def genYbConf(pfm):
conf = ['## yaboot.conf generated by the Ubuntu installer\n',
'##\n' ,
'## run: "man yaboot.conf" for details. Do not make changes until you have!!\n' ,
'## see also: /usr/share/doc/yaboot/examples for example configurations.\n' ,
'##\n' ,
'## For a dual-boot menu, add one or more of:\n' ,
'## bsd=/dev/hdaX, macos=/dev/hdaY, macosx=/dev/hdaZ\n' ,
'\n',
'boot=' + pfm.get_bootPart() + '\n' ,
'device=' + pfm.get_bootdev() + '\n' ,
'partition=3\n' ,
'root=' + pfm.get_linuxPart() + '\n' ,
'timeout=50\n' ,
'install=/usr/lib/yaboot/yaboot\n' ,
'magicboot=/usr/lib/yaboot/ofboot\n' ,
'enablecdboot\n' ,
'\n' ,
'image=/boot/vmlinux\n' ,
' label=Linux\n' ,
' read-only\n' ,
' initrd=/boot/initrd.img\n' ,
' append="quiet splash"\n' ,
'\n' ,
'image=/boot/vmlinux.old\n' ,
' label=old\n' ,
' read-only\n' ,
' initrd=/boot/initrd.img.old\n' ,
' append="quiet splash"\n'
]
file = open(ybconfFile,'w')
file.writelines(conf)
file.close()
def genFstab(pfm, l_uuid, s_uuid):
fstab = [
'# /etc/fstab: static file system information.\n',
'#\n',
'# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>\n',
'proc /proc proc defaults 0 0\n',
'# ' + pfm.get_linuxPart() + '\n',
'UUID=' + l_uuid + ' / ext3 defaults,errors=remount-ro 0 1\n',
'# ' + pfm.get_swapPart() + '\n',
'UUID=' + s_uuid + ' none swap sw 0 0\n',
pfm.get_cdPath() + ' /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto 0 0\n',
]
file = open(fstabFile,'w')
file.writelines(fstab)
file.close()
Desktop Execution
zenity shell script: replicate.sh
To be placed in $HOME/bin (in the local case, /home/oem/bin)
#!/bin/bash
type=$(zenity --width=150 --height=250 --list --radiolist \
--title "Select machine type" --column "select" --column "type" \
TRUE imac FALSE dvse FALSE g3 FALSE g4)
target=$(zenity --width=150 --height=250 --list --radiolist \
--title "Select local target drive" --column "select" \
--column "target device" FALSE hdb TRUE hdd)
cd /home/oem/python
./replicate.py -t $type $target
zenity --width=200 --title "Replicate" --info --text "Replicate: Done"
Desktop Launcher: replicate.desktop
Note that the Exec entry uses /home/oem/bin specifically
[Desktop Entry] Version=1.0 Encoding=UTF-8 Name=replicate Type=Application Terminal=true Name[en_US]=replicate Exec=/home/oem/bin/replicate.sh Comment[en_US]=replicate ppc linux hd Comment=replicate ppc linux hd GenericName[en_US]= Icon=/usr/share/pixmaps/python.xpm