User:Scott/02
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Tech Support
-------------------------------- Home Page user:scott Tech Support user:scott/02 Dir & Files user:scott/03 Network user:scott/04 Troubleshoot user:scott/05 Laptops user:scott/06 Resources user:scott/07 Notes user:scott/08 Open-SSH user:scott/09 A.T user:scott/22
PRINTME - /var/lib/freegeek-extras/printme
Password
Backup Password
- cp /etc/shadow /etc/shadow.bak - (hash of root + user)
- cat /etc/passwd (UID + GID)
Change Password
passwd [username] passwd –e [username] – (change on startup)
User Name (Add-Delete)
adduser [username] adduser [username] admin userdel [username]
Updates & Fix Broken Packages
apt-get update apt-get dist-upgrade
apt-get install --fix-broken apt-get autoremove apt-get install ubuntu-desktop
apt-get purge xxx
File System Check
fdisk -l
fsck -fyv /dev/sda1 (f=force y=fix)
shutdown -rF now (reboot, forcing fsck on root filesystem)
Mount & Un-Mount Devices
df -h (show boot partition) ls /media (device mounted from GUI) cat /etc/fstab (partitions and devices that mount on start-up)
mount
mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/xxx
umount /dev/sdb1 (sudo)
FSTAB - Mount HDD
mount HDD
sudo mount to see what is mounted sudo mount -a to mount all entries in fstab
un-mount drive (close apps using drive first) sudo mkdir /media/sjn8GigMount sudo fdisk -l or Disk utility to get "Device Name" such as (/dev/sdc1)
gksudo gedit /etc/fstab select Edit -> Preferences -> Editor create a backup copy before saving file
Example 1. old-school [device] [mount point] [file system] [options] [dump] [fsck order] /dev/sdb1 /mnt/sjn8GigMount auto rw.username.auto.exec.utf8 0 0
Example 2. new-school [device] [mount point] [file system] [options] [dump][fsck order] UUID=34C4DFF9C4DF8876 /mnt/sjn8GigMount auto rw.username.auto.exec.utf8 0 0
#File Systems [auto] [ext4] [jfs] [reiser4] [swap] [iso9660] [FAT 32] [NTFS] #Note [ntfs-3g] necessary for write access
Re-Start machine
Mount - NTFS HDD(on tsbackup)
sudo ntfs-config (open + and dbl clk on device) see - "Mounting_Disks.README" on Desktop
Badblocks
badblocks -nvs /dev/sda1
Network Backup Procedures
Backup a Home Directory
- date format (e.g. 20121223 for Dec 23 2012)
ssh into backup server
ssh tsbackup@tsbackup ls /var/tsbackup ssh -XC tsbackup@tsbackup (.fglan nautilus) ctrl-c (to back-out)
ssh to tsbackup - nautalus
ssh://tsbackup@tsbackup
rsync from customer box
sudo cp /etc/passwd /etc/shadow /etc/group /home/ dpkg --get-selections > dpkg.out sudo mv dpkg.out /home/ sudo tar -czf /home/etc.backup.tar.gz /etc/ sudo rsync -avzh /home/ tsbackup@tsbackup:/var/tsbackup/[date-ticketnumber] 2>rsync.log
less rsync.log (view error log)
Note: on the '''data recovery box''' determine mount point of device to backup use "fdisk l" or "Disk utility" mount /mnt/sdb? add /mnt/sdb? in front of /home this avoids the need to chroot.
rsync from tsData box
sudo cp /mnt/sdb?/etc/passwd /mnt/sdb?/etc/shadow /mnt/sdb?/etc/group /mnt/sdb?/home/ dpkg --get-selections --admindir=/mnt/sdb?/var/lib/dpkg >dpkg.out sudo mv dpkg.out /mnt/sdb?/home/ sudo tar -czf /mnt/sdb?/home/etc.backup.tar.gz /mnt/sdb?/etc/ sudo rsync -avzh /mnt/sdb?/home/ tsbackup@tsbackup:/var/tsbackup/[date-ticketnumber] 2>rsync.log
Restore from Backup
sudo rsync -avzh tsbackup@tsbackup:/var/tsbackup/[date-ticketnumber]/ /home sudo dpkg --set-selections < /home/dpkg.out sudo apt-get -u dselect-upgrade
copy (user passwd) hash from original /etc/shadow
Restore User Permissions
- Create a New User (oem or Bob or Mark) - with Admin. Privileges
Change From: drwxr-xr-x 23 1001 1001 4096 2011-07-07 13:28 oem Change To: chown -R oem:oem /home/oem (recursively for all sub directories)
File Permissions
chmod 774 dir-name (dir) rwxrwxr-- chmod 664 filename (files) rw-rw-r--
chmod ugo+rwx /dir/file chmod ugo-rwx /dir/file
Stress Test CPU and Chipset
stress --cpu 8 --io 4 --vm 2 --vm-bytes 128M --timeout 4h (add --hdd 2 to stress the hard drive as well, though this shouldn't be necessary)
Temperature Test/Display
while true ; do uptime ; sensors ; sleep 30s; done | tee temp_load.log Load lm sensor "utility to read temp/fan" -from software center
Hardware & Resource Identification
lshw
sudo lshw (hardware config)
CPU
cat /proc/cpuinfo or more /proc/cpuinfo
Disk Usage
du -sh (-s disk usage) du -sh /home/bob/Downloads/ (disk usage for Downloads)
Available Memory
free –l (available memory)
cat /proc/meminfo
Devices in Use
To see a list of devices currently in use
cat /proc/devices
AlsaMixer
alsamixer
Printer Linux Foundation
http://www.linuxfoundation.org/ Workgroups -> Open Printing -> Printers
HPLIP
http://hplipopensource.com/hplip-web/downloads.html
WineHQ Database
http://www.winehq.org/ wineDB Download-Wine
Photorec
Burn DVD tsbackup
wodim dev=/dev/sr1 isodir/DiscSpan_15.iso (15 = disk #) ;beep