Network backup

You will need to be on a wired connection for this to work

Backup and Restore User Data

To backup a persons home folder(s) over the network using rsync (as root).

rsync -avzh /home/ tsbackup@tsbackup:/var/tsbackup/[date-ticketnumber] 2>rsync.out

N.B. Use ISO (reverse) format for the date (e.g. 20121223 for Dec 23 2012) not American date format. Failing to do so may result in files being accidentally deleted. Always rsync the entire home directory even if there is only one user otherwise files and users may not be restored correctly.

errors will be logged to file rsync.out

To copy it back again:

 sudo rsync -avzh  tsbackup@tsbackup:/var/tsbackup/[date-ticketnumber] /home

N.B. The trailing slash on the source (first part) is important in rsync. A trailing slash means copy the contents of this folder without creating the folder itself. If you are uncertain about anything you can test it using the -n option. This will do a dry run and nothing will actually be copied over. It is a good habit to do a sanity check first with rsync; it is an immensely powerful tool and you want to make sure it is going to do what you think it is.

Rysnc is a more efficient protocol to use than scp. It will ensure file permissions and ownerships are preserved and will compress data on the fly to make for a faster transfer. (it will also only copy the needed files so if you add files, then you can run the command again and rsync will only copy the additional files. You can also remove files and use the --delete option and it will remove the files on the remote host).

If you don't want to copy hidden files add --exclude=".*/" as an option. Its a good idea to at least copy over users .mozilla files, and any .evolution or .thunderbird folders as a minimum. It shouldn't cause too many problems copying over all hidden files.

Backup and Restore Installed Packages

You can also backup a list that has the users installed packages so you can reinstall them.

 dpkg --get-selections > dpkg.out 

(don't forget to copy this file over)

Then when you have installed a new system/replace the box etc, you can do:

dpkg --set-selections < dpkg.out

then

apt-get -u dselect-upgrade

on the new box, to install the same set of packages as before. (You can actually do this over a network, from one box to another, using ssh but I will leave that as an exercise for the reader).

Backup and Restore User's Desktop Background

You can also restore the user's desktop background (as long as you have the file backed up as well. To check run the command without >desktop.pict).

gconftool-2 --get /desktop/gnome/background/picture_filename >desktop.pict

copy over desktop.pict and on the new machine

gconftool-2 --type string --set  /desktop/gnome/background/picture_filename "$(cat desktop.pict)"

Recreating User Accounts and Restoring Permissions

If you have reinstalled and the user had accounts other then oem you will still need to recreate those user accounts:

adduser [username]

You might need to change the ownership to match that of the user if find the ownership and groups had change to a numeric value (check using ls -lh).

find /home/username/ -type f -exec chown -R username.username {} \;     

or just

chown -R username.username /home/username/

You might also need to apply proper permissions. This step should be unnecessary with rsync as it will preserve permissions.

find /home/username/ -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \;
find /home/username/ -type d -exec chmod 754 {} \;

or for move private users

find ./ -type f -exec chmod 640 {} \;
find ./ -type d -exec chmod 750 {} \;

When you are finished with a backup and sure that all the data is properly transfered remove it from tsbackup. Once you have ensured ('tested') that the machine works and the data is all there.

rm -r /var/tsbackup/[date-ticketnumber]